ILLUSTRATIONS
BOXES
1.1 Factors affecting language input 20
1.2 Advantages and disadvantages of formal and informal assessment 22
1.3 Assessing receptive language in preschool children 24
1.4 Receptive language problems in Rapin and Allen’s
language-disorder subtypes 26
1.5 Assessing receptive language in school-age children 27
1.6 A language profile of a child with a receptive-language disorder 28
1.7 Assessing receptive language in teenagers 30
1.8 Assessing receptive language in acquired childhood aphasia 32
4.1 Check-list for case-history taking (dysphonia) 74
4.2 John Laver vocal-profile analysis protocol 77
A3 Vocal-parameters assessment tasks 78
5.1 Treatment of stammering and other problems 86
5.2 Interview for adults 87
5.3 Interview for adolescents and children 88
5.4 Interview for parents 89
5.5 Symptomatic behaviour in the descriptive diagnosis of
stammering 90
9.1 Common causes of communication breakdown in old age 166
9.2 Normal ageing effects 167
9.3 Tests used in geriatric assessment 170
FIGURES
3.1 Diagrammatic representation of vocal organs 51
3.2 English consonant systems in word-initial and word-final
positions 60
3.3 Contrastive assessment of word-initial and word-final
consonants: Lisa, 4 years, 5 months 61
3.4 PACS developmental assessment 63
3.5 PACS developmental assessment: Lisa, 4 years, 5 months 64
6.1 A model for the recognition, comprehension and production
of single spoken and written words and non-words 107
6.2 Single-word processing model with tasks appropriate for
testing each level 115
8.1 Critical path of questions to be addressed when framing
an assessment 159
9.1 A model of speech-and-language-therapy care for elderly
people 164