Категории

Chemistry and envitonemental protection

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Описание

CONTENTS

©SUMMARY AND REVISION

* Chemical bonding 4

* Metals, nonmetais and their compounds 6

* Organic compounds 9

Revision - QUIZ 13

ф CHEMICAL PROCESSES

1. Heat of chemical reactions

Exo~ and endothermic chemical reactions 17

2. Heat of formation. Heat of combustion

Fuels calorific values 19

3. Hess's law 21

4. Rate of chemical reactions 23

5. Effect of reactants concentration on reaction rate

Rate law 25

6. Effect of temperature on reaction rate 27

7. Catalysis. Catalysts 29

8. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis 31

9. Reversible and irreversible chemical reactions

Chemical equilibrium 33

10. Effect of temperature, pressure and reactants

concentration on chemical equilibrium 36

Revision - QUIZ 38

ф SOLUTIONS. CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN SOLUTIONS

11. Aqueous solutions

12. Properties of liquids. Solubility

13. Vapour pressure

Boiling and melting temperature

14. Diffusion. Osmosis

15. Solutions in nature, living organisms, industry and everyday life

16. Electrolytes and nonelectrolytes Strong and weak electrolytes

17. Acids, bases and salts as electrolytes

18. Acidity and alkalinity of aqueous solutions. pH

19. Importance of pH of solutions for living organisms, industry and everyday life

20. Reactions between ions in aqueous solutions

21. Oxidation state

22. Oxidation-reduction reactions Oxidising and reducing agents

23. Metals activity series

24. Oxidation-reduction reactions -real-life applications Revision - QUIZ

ф CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SUBSTANCES

25. Types of chemical reactions

26. Classes of inorganic compounds

27. Classes of organic compounds Revision - QUIZ

ф CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS

28. Metals in real-life. Iron Fe, zinc In, copper Cu and their compounds

29. Alloys

30. Glass and Ceramics

31. Plastics

32. Rubber

33. Chemical fibres

ф ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

34. Air, water and soil pollutants

35. Global environmental issues

36. Environmental protection and human activities

REFERENCES

Ф e-CHEMBOOK CONTENTS

SUMMARY AND REVISION

CHEMICAL PROCESSES

SOLUTIONS. REACTIONS IN SOLUTIONS

CLASSIFICATION OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS AND SUBSTANCES

CHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION