Fundamentals of Electric Circuits 3rd Edition

reface v Acknowledgments vi A Note to the Student ix

PART 1 I DC CIRCUITS 1

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts

 

3

3.7 Nodal Versus Mesh Analysis 99

 

3.8 Circuit Analysis with PSpice 100 t3.9 Applications: DC Transistor Circuits

 

3.10 Summary 107

 

Review Questions 107 Problems 109 Comprehensive Problems 117

1.1 Introduction 4

 

1.2 Systems of Units 4

 

1.3 Charge and Current 6

 

1.4 Voltage 9

 

1.5 Power and Energy 10

 

1.6 Circuit Elements 13 11.7 Applications 15

Chapter 4

1.7.1 TV Picture Tube

 

1.7.2 Electricity Bills

 

11.8 Problem Solving 18

 

1.9 Summary 21 Review Questions 22 Problems 23 Comprehensive Problems 25

Chapter 2

Basic Laws

27

2.1 Introduction 28

 

2.2 Ohm’s Laws 28

 

t2.3 Nodes, Branches, and Loops 33

 

2.4 Kirchhoff’s Laws 35

 

2.5 Series Resistors and Voltage Division

 

2.6 Parallel Resistors and Current Division

 

t2.7 Wye-Delta Transformations 50 t2.8 Applications 54

4.1 Introduction 120

 

4.2 Linearity Property 120

 

4.3 Superposition 122

 

4.4 Source Transformation 127

 

4.5 Thevenin’s Theorem 131

 

4.6 Norton’s Theorem 137

 

t4.7 Derivations of Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems 140

 

4.8 Maximum Power Transfer 142

 

4.9 Verifying Circuit Theorems

 

with PSpice 144 14.10 Applications 147

 

4.10.1 Source Modeling

 

4.10.2 Resistance Measurement

 

4.11 Summary 153

 

Review Questions 153 Problems 154 Comprehensive Problems 162

41

 

42

Chapter 5

Operational Amplifiers

165

2.8.1 Lighting Systems

 

2.8.2 Design of DC Meters

 

2.9 Summary 60

 

Review Questions 61 Problems 63 Comprehensive Problems 72

Chapter 3

Methods of Analysis

75

3.1 Introduction 76

 

3.2 Nodal Analysis 76

 

3.3 Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

 

3.4 Mesh Analysis 87

 

3.5 Mesh Analysis with Current Sources t3.6 Nodal and Mesh Analyses by Inspection

5.1 Introduction 166

 

5.2 Operational Amplifiers 166

 

5.3 Ideal Op Amp 170

 

5.4 Inverting Amplifier 171

 

5.5 Noninverting Amplifier 174

 

5.6 Summing Amplifier 176

 

5.7 Difference Amplifier 177

 

5.8 Cascaded Op Amp Circuits 181

 

5.9 Op Amp Circuit Analysis

 

with PSpice 183 t5.I0 Applications 185

82

 

92

 

95

5.10.1 Digital-to Analog Converter

 

5.10.2 Instrumentation Amplifiers

 

5.11 Summary 188

 

Review Questions 190 Problems 191 Comprehensive Problems 200

Chapter 6 Capacitors and Inductors 201

6.1 Introduction 202

6.2 Capacitors 202

6.3 Series and Parallel Capacitors 208

6.4 Inductors 211

6.5 Series and Parallel Inductors 216

16.6 Applications 219

6.6.1 Integrator

6.6.2 Differentiator

6.6.3 Analog Computer

6.7 Summary 225

Review Questions 226

Problems 227

Comprehensive Problems 235

Chapter 7 First-Order Circuits 237

7.1 Introduction 238

7.2 The Source-free RC Circuit 238

7.3 The Source-free RL Circuit 243

 

8.12 Summary 340

Review Questions 340

Problems 341

Comprehensive Problems 350

PART 2 AC CIRCUITS 351

Chapter 9 Sinusoids and Phasors 353

9.1 Introduction 354

9.2 Sinusoids 355

9.3 Phasors 359

9.4 Phasor Relationships for Circuit

 

9.5

 

9.6

 

9.7 19.8

Chapter 10

393

Second-Order Circuits

8.1 Introduction 296

 

8.2 Finding Initial and Final Values 296

 

8.3 The Source-Free Series RLC Circuit 301

 

8.4 The Source-Free Parallel RLC Circuit 308

 

8.5 Step Response of a Series RLC

 

Circuit 314

 

8.6 Step Response of a Parallel RLC

 

Circuit 319

10.1 Introduction 394

 

10.2 Nodal Analysis 394

 

10.3 Mesh Analysis 397

 

10.4 Superposition Theorem 400

 

10.5 Source Transformation 404

 

10.6 Thevenin and Norton Equivalent

 

Circuits 406

 

10.7 Op Amp AC Circuits 411

 

10.8 AC Analysis Using PSpice 413

 

110.9 Applications 416

 

10.9.1 Capacitance Multiplier

 

10.9.2 Oscillators

 

10.10 Summary 420 Review Questions 421 Problems 422

AC Power Analysis

7.9.1 Delay Circuits

 

7.9.2 Photoflash Unit

 

7.9.3 Relay Circuits

 

7.9.4 Automobile Ignition Circuit

 

7.10 Summary 282

 

Review Questions 283 Problems 284 Comprehensive Problems 293

Chapter 8

295

Chapter 11

433

8.7 General Second-Order Circuits 322

 

8.8 Second-Order Op Amp Circuits 327

 

8.9 PSpice Analysis of RLC Circuits 330

 

18.10 Duality 332

 

18.11 Applications 336

 

8.11.1 Automobile Ignition System

 

8.11.2 Smoothing Circuits

11.8 111.9

 

11.9.1

 

11.9.2

 

11.10 Summary Review Questions 465 Problems 466 Comprehensive Problems

Power Factor Correction 457 Applications 459

Power Measurement Electricity Consumption Cost

 

464

474

Chapter 12

Three-Phase Circuits

477

12.1 Introduction 478

 

12.2 Balanced Three-Phase Voltages 479

 

12.3 Balanced Wye-Wye Connection 482

 

12.4 Balanced Wye-Delta Connection 486

 

12.5 Balanced Delta-Delta Connection 488

 

12.6 Balanced Delta-Wye Connection 490

 

12.7 Power in a Balanced System 494

 

112.8 Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems 500

 

12.9 PSpice for Three-Phase Circuits 504

 

112.10 Applications 508

12.10.1 Three-Phase Power Measurement

 

12.10.2 Residential Wiring

 

12.11 Summary 516 Review Questions 517 Problems 518 Comprehensive Problems 525

14.4 Bode Plots 589

14.5 Series Resonance 600

14.6 Parallel Resonance 605

14.7 Passive Filters 608

14.7.1 Lowpass Filter  14.7.2 Highpass Filter  14.7.3 Bandpass Filter  14.7.4 Bandstop Filter

14.8 Active Filters 613

14.8.1 First-Order Lowpass Filter  14.8.2 First-Order Highpass Filter  14.8.3 Bandpass Filter  14.8.4 Bandreject (or Notch) Filter

114.9 Scaling 619

14.9.1 Magnitude Scaling  14.9.2 Frequency Scaling  14.9.3 Magnitude and Frequency Scaling

14.10  114.11 Frequency Response Using PSpice 622 Applications 626

14.11.1 Radio Receiver  14.11.2 Touch-Tone Telephone  14.11.3 Crossover Network

14.12 Summary 631

Review Questions 633 Problems 633 Comprehensive Problems 640

 

Chapter 13

Magnetically Coupled Circuits

527

13.1 Introduction 528

 

13.2 Mutual Inductance 528

 

13.3 Energy in a Coupled Circuit 535

 

13.4 Linear Transformers 539

 

13.5 Ideal Transformers 545

 

13.6 Ideal Autotransformers 552

 

113.7 Three-Phase Transformers 556 13.8 PSpice Analysis of Magnetically Coupled Circuits 559

 

113.9 Applications 563

13.9.1 Transformer as an Isolation Device

 

13.9.2 Transformer as a Matching Device

 

13.9.3 Power Distribution

Frequency Response

14.1 Introduction 584

14.2 Transfer Function 584

114.3 The Decibel Scale 588

 

115.8 Application to Integrodifferential

 

Equations 685

 

115.9 Applications 687

 

15.9.1 Network Stability

 

15.9.2 Network Synthesis

 

15.10 Summary 694

13.10 Summary 569 Review Questions 570 Problems 571 Comprehensive Problems 582

Chapter 14

583

PART 3 ADVANCED CIRCUIT ANALYSIS 643

Chapter 15 The Laplace Transform 645

15.1 Introduction 646

15.2 Definition of the Laplace

Transform 646

15.3 Properties of the Laplace

Transform 649

15.4 The Inverse Laplace Transform

15.4.1 Simple Poles  15.4.2 Repeated Poles  15.4.3 Complex Poles

15.5 Applicaton to Circuits 666

15.6 Transfer Functions 672

15.7 The Convolution Integral 677