CONTENTS
t
l History - short overview (V.Tasev, D.Buianov) . ... ?
II. General principles of the surgical treatment (V.Tasev) ........... 13
1. Surgical department, basis and equipment.
Surgical operations 13
2. Aseptic and antiseptic surgery 23
3. Antibiotics and sulfonamides in modern surgery ............... 27
III. Basic manipulations and procedures in surgery (V.Tasev) ....... 40
1. Puncture of veseis 40
2. Puncture of a normal existing cavities 42
3. Puncture of pathologically generated cavities 45
4. Nasogastric tube 46
5. Tomy ~ laparotomy, thoracotomy 47
6. Incision, excision, trepanation 49
7. Stomy, anastomosis, bypass 50
8. Resections, ectomy, amputation 52
IV. Principles of anesthesia (H.Hadjiatanasov, V.Tasev) 56
1. General anestesia. Practical conduct of general anesthesia 56
2. Local and regional anesthesia .60
3. Preoperative assessment and p re medication . 63
4. Postanesthesia care 65
5. Fluid and electrolyte balance 68
6. Shock . ............. 77
V. Trauma (V.Tasev) 84
1. Blund trauma . . 85
2. Wounds 92
3. Thermal trauma 97
Vi. Hemorrhage, hemostasis,
blood transfusion in surgery (V.Tasev) 104
1. Hemorrhage, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,
lower gastrointestinal bleeding 104
2. Spontaneous hemostasis, artificial hemostasis 108
3. Blood transfusion, posttransfusion viral hepatitis,
operative risk to the HIV infected patients ...115
VII. Surgical Infection (V.Tasev) -124
1. Surgical infection - principles,classification,
abscess, phlegmon ..... 124
2. Acute purulent infection of the superficial soft tissue .... . Г. ... 130
3. Surgical infection of the skeletal and muscular system 136
4. Clostridial Infections 142
5. Sepsis -| 47
VII!. Surgical oncology (D.Bulanov, V.Tasev) f 56
1, Basic terms and concepts in oncology 156
2. Basis of cancer diagnosis and treatment 171
IX. Tissue disorders (V.Tasev) ... ........ 192
1. Necrosis and gangrene 192
2. Ulcers and fistulas 197
X. Endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery ~ types of endoscopyc procedures, laparoscopy
and laparoscopic surgical procedures (V.Tasev) 205
XL Acute surgical abdomen - definition and causes (V.Tasev) ..... 216 XII. Transplantation (V.Tasev) 224