CONTENTS
S. History - short overview (V.Tasev, D.Buianov) 7
il. General principles of the surgical treatment (V.Tasev) 13
1. Surgical department, basis and equipment.
Surgical operations 13
2. Aseptic and antiseptic surgery 23
3. Antibiotics and sulfonamides in modern surgery 27
IIS. Basic manipulations and procedures in surgery (V.Tasev) ....... 40
1. Puncture of vesels 40
2. Puncture of a normal existing cavities 42
3. Puncture of pathologically generated cavities 45
4. Nasogastric tube 46
5. Tomy - laparotomy, thoracotomy 47
6. Incision, excision, trepanation 49
7. Stomy, anastomosis, bypass 50
8. Resections, ectomy, amputation 52
IV. Principles of anesthesia (H.Hadjiatanasov, V.Tasev) 56
1. General anestesia. Practical conduct of general anesthesia 56
2. Local and regional anesthesia 60
3. Preoperative assessment and premedication 63
4. Postanesthesia care 65
5. Fluid and electrolyte balance 68
6. Shock 77
V. Trauma (V.Tasev) 84
1. Blund trauma .85
2. Wounds 92
3. Thermal trauma 97
VI. Hemorrhage, hemostasis, blood transfusion
In surgery (V.Tasev, K.Draganov) 104
1. Hemorrhage, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage,
lower gastrointestinal bleeding i<34
2. Spontaneous hemostasis, irtificial hemostasis 108
3. Blood transfusion, posttransfusion viral hepatitis,
operative risk to the HIV infected patients 115
VII. Surgical infection (V.Tasev) 124
1. Surgical infection - principies.classification,
abscess, phlegmon 124
" 2. Acute purulent infection of the superficial soft tissue 130
3. Surgical infection of the skeletal and muscular system 136
4. Clostridial infections 142
“ 5. Sepsis 147
VIII. Surgical oncology (O.Bulartov, V.Tasev) 156
1. Basic terms and concepts in oncology 156
T* 2. Basis of cancer diagnosis and treatment 171
IK. Tissue disorders (V.Tasev) 192
1. Necrosis and gangrene 192
2. Ulcers and fistulas 197
X. Endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery -
types of endoscopyc procedures, laparoscopy
r™ and laparoscopic surgical procedures (V.Tasev) 205
XL Acute surgical abdomen - definition and causes (V.Tasev) ..... 216 XII. Transplantation (V.Tasev) 224
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