UNIT 1
NOUN PHRASES
1 Information before and after a noun 4
2 Compound nouns 4
AVOIDING REPETITION
3 Avoiding repetition of the verb 5
WRITING
4 Links between parts of sentences 5
PRONUNCIATION
5 A poem - ‘Another day’ 7
VOCABULARY
6 Idioms - their origins 7
7 Dependent prepositions 9
MULTI-WORD VERBS
8 Literal and idiomatic meanings 9
UNIT 2
NARRATIVE TENSES
1 ‘The Picture of Dorian Gray’ 12
2 The future in the past 12
3 Past Simple, ‘used to’ and ‘would’ for past habits 13
4 The spelling of regular verb forms 14
WRITING
5 ‘At the beginning’, ‘In the end’, etc. 14
PRONUNCIATION
6 Losing a syllable 15
VOCABULARY
7 Gap filling - an extract from Charlie Chaplin’s
autobiography 15
MULTI-WORD VERBS
8 The four types 16
UNIT 3
AS’
1 ‘As’ or ‘like’? 18
2 ‘As . . . as’ for comparison 18
3 Constructions with the ‘as ... as’ pattern 19
4 Comparing statistics 19
VERB PATTERNS
5 Infinitive or ‘-ing’? 19
6 Verbs that take the infinitive and ‘-ing’ 20
7 Verbs of perception 20
FUTURE FORMS
8 Producing the correct form 21
9 Future forms - shades of meaning 21
WRITING
10 Linking cause and result 21
PRONUNCIATION
11 Sentence stress 22
VOCABULARY
12 Crossword puzzle 23
13 Idioms - key words 23
14 Dependent prepositions 24
UNIT 4
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS
1 Expressing probability 25
2 Expressing possibility 26
3 Expressing ability 26
4 Expressing obligation 26
5 ‘Will’ and ‘would’ to express characteristic behaviour 27
REPLY QUESTIONS
6 Reply questions in conversation 27
PRONUNCIATION
8 Intonation in question tags 28
9 How do you pronounce ‘ea’? 29
VOCABULARY
10 Words commonly confused 29
11 Gap filling - ‘Give me a real old granny’ 30
MULTI-WORD VERBS
12 Connections between literal and metaphorical meanings 31
UNIT 5
WAYS OF ADDING EMPHASIS
1 Emphatic structures 32
THE PASSIVE
2 Correcting mistakes 32
3 Where is the focus of attention? 33
4 ‘She is said/thought/considered to be . . etc. 33
REVIEW OF TENSES
5 Correcting mistakes 34
6 Producing the correct tense 34
WRITING
7 Reacting to statistics 35
PRONUNCIATION
8 Odd man out 35
VOCABULARY
9 ‘To break’ and verbs with a similar meaning 35
10 Idioms - their origins 36
11 Dependent prepositions 37
UNIT 6
ADJECTIVE ORDER
1 Matching adjectives with a noun 38
2 Describing clothes 38
ADVERBS
3 Adverbs with two forms 39
4 Adverbs and expressions of opinion - definition 39
5 Adverbs and expressions of opinion - practice 40
6 Order of adverbs 40
WRITING
7 Describing a scene 40
PRONUNCIATION
8 Linking vowel to vowel 41
VOCABULARY
9 Colours 41
10 Gap filling - ‘The Windsor jewels’ 42
11 Crossword puzzle 42
MULTI-WORD VERBS
12 Multi-word verbs - type 4 43
UNIT 9
RELATIVE CLAUSES
1 Defining and non-defining relative clauses (1)
2 Defining and non-defining relative clauses (2)
3 Correcting mistakes
4 Spoken versus written style
PARTICIPLES
5 Participle clauses (1)
6 Participle clauses (2)
7 Present and past participles
UNIT 7
VERB PATTERNS V
1 Using the information in a learner’s dictionary 44
2 Verb patterns in reported speech 44 ..
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
3 Conditional tenses and verb forms 45
4 Mixed conditionals 45
5 Variations on Types 1 and 2 46 ; ;
6 Possible results 46
WRITING
7 Writing a report 47
PRONUNCIATION
8 How do you pronounce ‘ough’? 47 1
VOCABULARY Jj
9 Replacing ‘nice’ and ‘get’ 48 ■J§
10 Compound words 48 a
11 Idioms - key words 49
12 Dependent prepositions 50 1
UNIT 8 '■1
TENSES 1
1 Narrative tenses 51 1
2 Tense review (1) 51 ■ :-r
3 Tense review (2) 52
WRITING
4 Punctuation 53
5 Writing a story 53 '1
PRONUNCIATION
6 Pronunciation of the possessive ‘s’ CO JJ
7 Sentence stress 54
VOCABULARY
8 Words to do with light 54 ?Щ||
9 Homonyms 55
10 Gap filling - ‘The Goddess of Love’ 55
MULTI-WORD VERBS
11 Matching 56
12 Separable or inseparable? 56
WRITING
8 Describing a flat 59
PRONUNCIATION
9 A poem - ‘Flatearther’ 60
VOCABULARY
10 Crossword puzzle 60
11 Idioms - key words 61
12 Dependent prepositions 61
VOCABULARY
10 Slips of the tongue 70
11 Compound words 70
12 Pairs of words joined with ‘and’ 71
13 Idioms - key words 72
14 Dependent prepositions 73
UNIT 12
NOUNS WITH A SPECIAL MEANING IN THE PLURAL
UNIT 10
INVERSION TO EXPRESS EMPHASIS
1 Emphatic patterns 62
2 Making a text more emphatic 62
3 Writing an advertisement 62
PRONOUNS - ‘ONE’, ‘YOU’, AND ‘THEY’
4 Referring to people impersonally 63
WRITING
5 A formal letter 63
6 Writing a letter of complaint and explanation 63
VOCABULARY
7 Adverb and verb collocations 64
8 Adverb and adjective collocations 64
9 Antonyms 64
10 Gap filling - ‘Royal talk’ 65
PRONUNCIATION
11 Word stress 65
MULTI-WORD VERBS
12 Some multi-word verbs and their Latin-based synonyms 66
UNIT 11
HYPOTHESIZING
1 Expressing wishes 67
2 Contrasting wishes with facts 67
3 Tense usage for fact and non-fact (1) 68
4 Tense usage for fact and non-fact (2) 68
PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE
5 Transforming to a ‘that’ clause 68
REVIEW OF TENSES AND VERB FORMS
6 Producing the correct tenses and verb forms 69
WRITING
7 Nouns which add cohesion 69
PRONUNCIATION
8 Rhyming pairs 70
9 Tongue twisters 70
1 Singular and plural nouns 74
ARTICLES
2 Comparing sentences 75
3 An article or not? 75
WAYS OF ADDING EMPHASIS
4 The use of ‘ever’ for emphasis 75
WRITING
5 Revision of linking words and phrases 76
PRONUNCIATION
6 A poem - Hints on pronunciation for foreigners 11
VOCABULARY
7 Noun collocations 77
8 Collective nouns 78
9 Gap filling - ‘My dead daughter will be recreated’ 78
10 Crossword puzzle 79
MULTI-WORD VERBS
11 Multi-word verbs, and nouns formed from them 79
APPENDIX 1
Multi-word verbs 81
APPENDIX 2
Dependent prepositions 83
APPENDIX 3
Linking words and phrases 85
ANSWER KEY 86